Don masana'antar hakar ma'adinai a cikin karni na 21, babu jayayya cewa ya zama dole don gina sabon yanayin fasaha don gane dijital na albarkatu da yanayin hakar ma'adinai, ƙwarewar kayan aikin fasaha, hangen nesa na sarrafa tsarin samarwa, hanyar sadarwar watsa bayanai. , da kuma sarrafa samar da kimiyya da yanke shawara.Hankali ya kuma zama hanyar da babu makawa don sauyi da haɓaka masana'antar hakar ma'adinai.
A halin yanzu, ma'adinai na cikin gida suna cikin matakin canji daga sarrafa kansa zuwa hankali, kuma ma'adanai masu kyau sune kyawawan samfura don haɓakawa!A yau, bari mu kalli wasu kyawawan ma'adanai masu hankali da musanyawa mu koya tare da ku.
1. Kiruna Iron Ore Mine, Sweden
Kiruna Iron Mine yana arewacin Sweden, mai nisan kilomita 200 zuwa cikin Arctic Circle, kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan wuraren ma'adinai na latitude a duniya.Haka kuma, Kiruna Iron Minne ita ce mahakar ma'adinan karkashin kasa mafi girma a duniya kuma ita ce babbar mahakar karafa daya tilo da ake amfani da ita a Turai.
Kiruna Iron Ma'adinan ya gano ainihin haƙar ma'adinai mara hankali.Baya ga ma'aikatan gyaran fuska a fuskar aikin karkashin kasa, kusan babu sauran ma'aikata.Kusan duk ayyukan ana kammala su ta tsarin sarrafa kwamfuta mai nisa, kuma matakin sarrafa kansa yana da girma sosai.
Haɓakar ma'adinin ƙarfe na Kiruna ya fi fa'ida daga amfani da manyan na'urori na inji, tsarin sarrafa nesa mai hankali da tsarin gudanarwa na zamani.Tsarukan ma'adinai da kayan aiki masu sarrafa kai da kai da kai sune mabuɗin don tabbatar da aminci da ingantaccen hakar ma'adinai.
1) Fitar da bincike:
Kiruna Iron Ma'adinan ya ɗauki shaft+ramp binciken haɗin gwiwa.Akwai ramuka uku a cikin ma'adinan, waɗanda ake amfani da su don samun iska, tama da ɗaga dutsen sharar gida.Ma'aikata, kayan aiki da kayan ana jigilar su ne daga tudu ta hanyar kayan aiki marasa waƙa.Babban shingen dagawa yana a gindin bangon tama.Ya zuwa yanzu, fuskar hakar ma'adinai da babban tsarin sufuri sun ragu sau 6, kuma babban matakin sufuri na yanzu shine 1045m.
2) Hakowa da fashewa:
Ana amfani da jumbo na hako dutse don tono hanyoyin, kuma jumbo ɗin yana sanye da kayan auna lantarki mai girma uku, wanda zai iya gane daidaitaccen wurin hakowa.Jumbo na simbaw469 mai ramut mai nisa wanda Kamfanin Atlas ya samar a Sweden ana amfani da shi don hako dutse a cikin tasha.Motar tana amfani da tsarin Laser don daidaiton matsayi, mara matuki, kuma tana iya ci gaba da aiki har tsawon sa'o'i 24.
3) Loda tama mai nisa da sufuri da ɗagawa:
A ma'adinan Karfe na Kiruna, an fara gudanar da ayyuka na hankali da na atomatik don hakar dutse, lodi da kuma ɗagawa a cikin tasha, kuma an gano jumbos da scrapers marasa matuƙi.
Toro2500E Remot scraper samar da Sandvik ana amfani da tama loading, tare da guda inganci na 500t/h.Akwai nau'ikan tsarin sufuri na karkashin kasa iri biyu: jigilar bel da jigilar dogo ta atomatik.Jirgin da ake bin sawu ta atomatik gabaɗaya ya ƙunshi motocin taram guda 8.Tramcar motar juji ce ta ƙasa ta atomatik don ci gaba da lodi da saukewa.Mai ɗaukar bel ɗin yana jigilar tama ta atomatik daga tashar murkushewa zuwa na'urar aunawa, kuma yana kammala lodi da saukewa tare da tsalle-tsalle.Ana sarrafa dukkan tsari daga nesa.
4) Goyan bayan fasahar fesa mai nisa da fasahar ƙarfafawa:
Hanyar tana da goyan bayan haɗin gwiwa na harbi, anchorage da raga, wanda aka kammala ta hanyar mai fesa ramut.An shigar da sandar anga da ƙarfafa raga ta hanyar trolley rod.
2. Rio Tinto's "Future Mines"
Idan Kiruna Iron Minne yana wakiltar haɓakar fasaha na haɓaka ma'adinan gargajiya, shirin "Future Mine" wanda Rio Tinto ya ƙaddamar a 2008 zai jagoranci hanyar haɓaka haƙar ma'adinan ƙarfe a nan gaba.
Pilbara, wannan yanki ne mai launin ruwan kasa wanda aka lullube shi da tsatsa, sannan kuma yankin da ya fi shahara wajen samar da tama a duniya.Rio Tinto yana alfahari da ma'adinai 15 a nan.Amma a cikin wannan babban wurin da ake hakar ma'adinai, ana iya jin hayaniya da injiniyoyin injiniyoyi, amma ma'aikata kadan ne kawai ake iya gani.
Ina ma'aikatan Rio Tinto?Amsar ita ce kilomita 1500 daga cikin garin Perth.
A cibiyar kula da nesa ta Rio Tinto Pace, babban allo mai tsawo da ke saman ya nuna irin ci gaban da ake samu na zirga-zirgar tama a tsakanin ma'adanai 15, tashoshin jiragen ruwa 4 da kuma layin dogo 24 - wanda jirgin kasa ke loda ( sauke) tama, da tsawon lokacinsa. za a dauka don kammala lodi (a saukewa);Wane jirgin kasa ne ke gudana, kuma tsawon lokacin da zai kai tashar jiragen ruwa;Wace tashar jiragen ruwa ke lodawa, ton nawa aka loda, da dai sauransu, duk suna da nuni na lokaci-lokaci.
Bangaren karafa na Rio Tinto ya kasance yana gudanar da tsarin manyan motoci marasa matuki a duniya.Ana yin amfani da jiragen sufuri na atomatik wanda ya ƙunshi manyan motoci 73 a yankunan ma'adinai uku a Pilbara.Tsarin manyan motoci na atomatik ya rage farashin lodi da sufuri na Rio Tinto da kashi 15%.
Rio Tinto yana da nasa hanyar jirgin ƙasa da jiragen ƙasa masu hankali a Yammacin Ostiraliya, waɗanda ke da nisan sama da kilomita 1700.Wadannan jiragen kasa 24 suna sarrafa sa'o'i 24 a rana a karkashin kulawar ramut na cibiyar kula da nesa.A halin yanzu, ana lalata tsarin jirgin kasa na atomatik na Rio Tinto.Da zarar tsarin jirgin kasa mai sarrafa kansa ya cika aiki, zai zama na farko a duniya mai sarrafa kansa, tsarin jigilar kaya mai nauyi mai nisa mai nisa.
Ana ɗora waɗannan ma'adinan ƙarfe ne a cikin jiragen ruwa ta hanyar aika cibiyar kula da nesa, kuma suna isa Zhanjiang, Shanghai da sauran tashoshin jiragen ruwa na kasar Sin.Daga baya, ana iya jigilar ta zuwa Qingdao, Tangshan, Dalian da sauran tashoshin jiragen ruwa, ko kuma daga tashar jiragen ruwa ta Shanghai tare da kogin Yangtze zuwa gabar tekun China.
3. Shougang Digital Mine
Gabaɗaya, haɗin gwiwar ma'adinai da masana'antar ƙarfe (masana'antu da ba da labari) yana kan ƙaramin matakin, nesa da sauran masana'antar cikin gida.Duk da haka, tare da ci gaba da kulawa da goyon bayan jihar, shaharar kayan aikin ƙirar dijital da ƙimar ikon lambobi na mahimmin tsari a cikin wasu manyan masana'antar hakar ma'adinai na cikin gida da matsakaita da aka inganta zuwa wani ɗan lokaci, da matakin. hankali kuma yana tashi.
Ɗaukar Shougang a matsayin misali, Shougang ya gina ma'adanin dijital gabaɗaya na matakan matakai huɗu a tsaye da tubalan guda huɗu a kwance, wanda ya cancanci koyo.
Yankuna hudu: tsarin bayanan yanki na aikace-aikacen GIS, tsarin aiwatar da samar da MES, tsarin sarrafa albarkatun ERP, tsarin bayanan OA.
Matakai huɗu: ƙididdiga na kayan aiki na yau da kullun, tsarin samarwa, aiwatar da samarwa da tsarin albarkatun kasuwanci.
Ma'adinai:
(1) Tara bayanan sararin samaniya na dijital na 3D, da cikakken taswirar 3D na ajiyar tama, saman da geology.
(2) An kafa tsarin sa ido na gangaren gangaren GPS don lura da gangaren akai-akai, yadda ya kamata don guje wa rushewar kwatsam, zaftarewar ƙasa da sauran bala'o'in ƙasa.
(3) Tsarin aikewa ta atomatik na tramcar: aiwatar da tsarin tafiyar da abin hawa ta atomatik, inganta jigilar abin hawa, rarraba kwararar abin hawa cikin hankali, da cimma mafi ƙarancin nisa da mafi ƙarancin amfani.Wannan tsarin shi ne na farko a kasar Sin, kuma nasarorin da ya samu a fannin fasaha ya kai matsayin ci gaban kasa da kasa.
Amfani:
Tsarin sa ido kan aiwatar da mai da hankali: saka idanu game da sigogin tsari na 150 kamar kunnuwan ƙwallon ƙwallon ƙwallon ƙwallon ƙafa, ambaliya ta grader, taro mai niƙa, filin maganadisu mai da hankali, da sauransu, ingantaccen aikin samar da kayan aiki da yanayin kayan aiki, da haɓaka lokaci da kimiyyar umarnin samarwa.
4. Matsaloli a cikin ma'adanai masu hankali na cikin gida
A halin yanzu, manyan kamfanonin hakar ma'adinai na cikin gida sun yi amfani da tsarin gudanarwa da sarrafawa ta kowane fanni na gudanarwa da sarrafawa, amma har yanzu matakin haɗin gwiwar yana da ƙasa, wanda shine babban abin da za a warware a mataki na gaba na masana'antar hakar ma'adinai.Bugu da kari, akwai kuma matsaloli kamar haka:
1. Kamfanoni ba sa kula sosai.Bayan aiwatar da ainihin aiki da kai, sau da yawa bai isa ba don haɗa mahimmanci ga ginin dijital na baya.
2. Rashin isasshen zuba jari a cikin bayanai.Tasiri daga kasuwa da wasu dalilai, kamfanoni ba za su iya ba da garantin ci gaba da ingantaccen saka hannun jari ba, wanda ke haifar da jinkirin ci gaba na aikin haɗin gwiwar masana'antu da masana'antu.
3. Akwai karancin basirar bayanai.Gine-ginen bayanai ya shafi sadarwa ta zamani, fahimta da fasahar sadarwa, basirar wucin gadi da sauran fannonin ƙwararru, kuma buƙatun gwaninta da ƙarfin fasaha za su yi girma fiye da wannan matakin.A halin yanzu, karfin fasaha na mafi yawan ma'adanai a kasar Sin yana da karanci.
Waɗannan su ne ma'adanai masu hankali guda uku da aka gabatar muku.Suna da koma baya sosai a kasar Sin, amma suna da babban karfin ci gaba.A halin yanzu, ana gina ma'adinin ƙarfe na Sishanling tare da hankali, manyan buƙatu da ƙa'idodi masu girma, kuma za mu jira mu gani.
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba-15-2022